Friday, March 27, 2009

On coffee shops (in Nairobi)

barista counter at artcaffe

I’m a big fan of coffee shops. Of course, I love coffee – good coffee – but, in my opinion, a good coffee shop should offer more than that: baristas that know what they’re talking about, tasty confections, interesting patrons (interesting to look at, at least), character (something unique or defining), and, most importantly, an appealing and comfortable environment to enjoy the shop’s namesake along with a conversation, book, magazine/paper, or computer (which may itself contain a conversation or reading material).


Unfortunately, in Chicago one’s options are remarkably thin. The number of “independent” coffee shops I know numbers less than the count of my fingers, although to be fair I’ve only truly explored a few of the city’s neighborhoods. In the Loop, especially, Starbucks is nauseatingly ubiquitous. As the preceding sentence implies, I’m not a fan: despite the chain’s mission to “cater to a lifestyle, not just coffee” (I made that up, but you know what I’m talking about), most of it’s shops fail to offer the abovementioned ancillary facilities, particularly the last two. (There are some exceptions, like Chicago’s expansive, always-packed North/Wells branch or the outlet fitted onto a triangle-corner in Washington’s DuPont Circle.) I still visit the establishment – frequently in fact, due to the noted lack of options – but typically in a merely transactional rather than lingering capacity.


What does all this have to do with Africa? Well there are no Starbuck’s here, a fact that, despite the paragraph above, was at first discouraging due to the oft-mentioned prevalence of instant coffee. (Side note: there are also no McDonald’s here, which is quite surprising given my past travel experiences; a quick check at mcdonalds.com confirms there are no franchises between Egypt and South Africa.) But, as I soon found out and have previously mentioned, there are indeed coffee houses in Nairobi.


To this point, I’ve visited five different outlets: Dorman’s, Savana, Coffee World, Nairobi Java House, and Artcaffe. All but the first, unlike most coffee chains in the US, are more café than coffee shop – offering a full range of food in addition to non-takeaway coffee and tea. It’s certainly not Paris or Buenos Aires, but the city’s café culture has got a leg up on Chicago. Below, are some thoughts on each of the five.


Dorman’s is the simplest of the bunch. The coffee is pretty good, but the all about the coffeebaked goods are sub-par, and the shop itself is typically very basic: a few tables with hard-backed chairs. The focus is on the coffee alone, and on that note it is not bad. But, on the broader measures of a coffee shop it falls short. (“The coffee experts” also have a plethora of packaged coffees on grocery store shelves.)


Savana is a newcomer to the scene, from what I gather. I ventured to the city center last weekend to meet a friend here. The ambience was quite nice: a covered patio with wicker furniture out front, and a loungey feel inside. My order precludes me from making a call on this place though. I ordered a “salad”, which arrived as parallel strips of raw vegetables (carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers, onions) and a side of honey mustard dressing, and a cappuccino – neither of which provide a good enough gauge on the quality of the establishments food or drink. Verdict TBD.


I learned of Coffee World after catching a glimpse of a bulletin board posting with a surprisingly familiar slogan: “March Madness”. Excited, as I thought it might be for a bar where I could watch the Michigan Wolverines make their first tournament appearance (and win) in a decade, I moved closer and then saw the words “buy one get one free on food and drink” under the headline. Even better, I thought. Then my eyes moved up and I noticed the classic coffee cup logo (mug slightly tilted with heat waves emanating above) beside the shop’s name. Wasn’t a bar I concluded, but it did seem like a good deal, so I decided to check it out one day for lunch. The décor implied that it was a fairly new establishment, but the special appeared to be working: It was prime lunch-hour (~1pm) and the place was packed. Good sign, I thought. I grabbed a seat at a table on the narrow outdoor patio and opened the menu.


Twenty minutes later, I still had not placed an order. A waiter had approached within my first few minutes there, but left and never returned after I had asked whether I could substitute a free drink, instead of a second pizza, for the buy one get one offer. I was there alone, and hence didn’t want two pizzas, plus the drink is cheaper than the pizza, I had explained. But, as has happened several times in other restaurants since I’ve been here, such an uncommon request left the man puzzled. In the Kenyan service sector, catering to the customer still hasn’t fully developed, nor has a sense of urgency; workers cling strictly to the definitions supplied by their bosses, and do not think twice about taking ten minutes to get you a bottle of ketchup while your omelet grows cold. (It’s not as bad as Rwanda though, I hear, where it is a guarantee – no matter the place, time of day, or order – that it will take an hour for your food to arrive.)


Eventually, I flagged a waiter down and ordered an espresso and (two) pizzas. The espresso arrived somewhat promptly, and was good; it was the first espresso I’ve ordered here and won’t be my last. Another twenty minutes passed, and still no pizza. The waiter assured me it would be out in a couple minutes, but by then I had to get back to work so had it packed up. Turned out to be rather tasty, but the service left a bad taste in my mouth. I’ll probably go back, but only for take-away.


Nairobi Java House it the “500 pound gorilla” in the Kenyan coffee house industry. Shortened to just “Java,” it is often referred to, in Starbucks-like fashion, almost as a synonym for café, as in, “There must be a Java somewhere around here.” Thankfully though, it’s not quite reached the level of ubiquity that allows for outlets directly across the street from each other. The coffee is very good, and they offer a broad selection of teas and espresso-based concoctions as well. Furthermore, the energetic crowd,a branch of nairobi java house comfortable seating, free wifi and in-seat computer plugs make it a good place to burn a few hours reading, or blogging. The food, however, leaves something to be desired. The menu is expansive, with burritos, veggie burgers, and pasta among the many options, and the all day breakfast, including waffles and huevos rancheros, is unparalleled. The result is disappointing, though; based on my two experiences there, both involving Mexican items, the food itself leaves something to be desired. Verdict: a great coffee shop, but get your lunch elsewhere.


Artcaffe is another newcomer to the scene, but has made a big splash. Not only is it located in Nairobi’s newest shopping mall, the pristine Westgate Center, but it occupies the mall’s premier space. Situated in the front coIMG_0971rner of the first floor, the space has a free-flowing entrance with a bakery counter jutting out from the main store into the mall’s common space. Next to this stands an old school coffee roasting machine, greeting you along with two hostesses as you enter the broad, high-ceilinged room replete with modern furniture and non-uniform seating options, the barista counter and bar, and a glass-enclosed kitchen. At the other side of the room, the café spills out onto a long, umbrella-covered terrace – the mall’s only outdoor space. If that sounds like a grand description, good; it’s supposed to.


My first visit to Artcaffe was a Saturday morning a couple weeks ago. I’d heard of it, and the outdoor terrace at Westgate always intrigued me though until then I did not know to which establishment it belonged. (I’d been frequenting Java up until that point because it was closer to my prior apartment.) Upon entering the space, I was immediately impressed by the chic-ness of the place, apparent not just in the décor but in the clientele as well. I requested a table outside, and was relegated to a high table on the fringe of the umbrellas’ coverage, as every other seat was full. Within a couple minutes I was presented the menu, which was not nearly as long as the Java House’s. In fact, there were only two breakfast options: the “Artcaffe breakfast”, consisting of eggs your way, fresh bread, and “five spreads” – butter, jam, cheeses, and guacamole, and what sounded like a granola-fruit-yogurt dish. It was the first time I’d seen a parfait in Kenya, and opted for that, along with a cappuccino.


The friendly hostess and prompt waiter were initial indicators that the service was unusually good, and the signs continued. Perhaps the most memorable indicator came a few minutes after I ordered, when my waiter came back to place my utensils and the sugar tray. He did not merely place them though, he dutifully arranged them piece by piece: first laying the napkin, straightening it, placing the large tablespoon squarely in the middle, then placing the sugar tray and shifting it to a perpendicular angle with the tip of the napkin. The process took just a few seconds, but it was most impressive, almost as if he were doing this in slow motion.


My cappuccino soon arrived. I did not see the teaspoon hidden behind the mug so instead used the tablespoon to stir in my sugar. My waiter noticed and tried to hide a puzzled look. A moment later I saw the teaspoon and realized why; two minutes later the waiter returned with a new tablespoon. The granola arrived ten minutes later, but was not what I’d expected. terrace at ArtcaffeInstead of granola with fruit and yogurt, it was yogurt with fruit and granola sprinkled somewhat sparingly. I had a few bits (sips) and decided this wasn’t for me. Despite my previous experiences with the rigidity of customer service in this country, I decided to tell the waiter. He said he’d see what he could do; shortly thereafter, a woman arrived and happily offered to take the dish back. In the States, this would be standard procedure. But in Kenya, it is exceptional, based on my experience thus far. I substituted the granola with a chocolate croissant, which was excellent. The cappuccino was also quite good.


I sat out there on the terrace for another couple hours, reading the Economist and people watching. It was definitely a great place for the latter; not only due to the other patrons, but, the more I looked around, the more I noticed that almost all the waitresses were good looking, a few strikingly so. Eventually, I ordered lunch of a caprese sandwich and pineapple-mint juice. The juice was fantastic, but the sandwich was not: the mozzarella was not fresh mozzarella, and the bread-to-contents proportion was way off. Others seemed to be enjoying their food though, and the pizza’s I saw looked very good, so I needed to give the food another shot before making a conclusion.


While people watching, I noticed a woman sitting with a French press beside her mug. Yes, the coffee here is served in an individual press; a touch of character, some might say. On my second trip (the next day), I ordered this and was not disappointed: very good – though not great –, and strong, coffee. Moreover, the Sunday shift of waitresses was even more pleasing to the eye as Saturday’s.


On my third trip, I tried the pizza, which was much better than the sandwich, and a dessert. After debating between three chocolate and coffee cakes, I settled on a warm chocolate brownie with ice cream. For some reason, the manager who had been showing me the desserts (another good looking woman) returned with the item and asked me if it was my first time visiting the cafe. No, I said, I’d actually been there yesterday. Well, either way, the dessert was on the house, she said before smiling and walking away. A fitting end to a weekend at the Artcaffe.


Verdict: Nairobi’s best café, for sure.

Wednesday, March 18, 2009

Good to be back

In Nairobi, that is. The city.


Back from where? Not Uganda, though I was there weekend before last. Rather, I'm referring to being back from Eldoret, a small, agriculturally-focused town (not village) in Western Kenya where I spent two and half weeks living. As I pointed out in a previous post:


I’m a city (and suburban, I must admit) boy. And Indians don’t really camp much – at least not my family. So this was a new experience for me.


eldoret on the mapLiving in a rural African town would also be a new experience for me. And it was one that I was a bit apprehensive about: what would I eat? how would I stay awake (translation: would I be able to get decent coffee in a more remote part of this tea-dominated land)? and what would I do?


Of course, living in Africa, period – urban, rural, whatever – is a new experience for me. But Nairobi – a city of about 3M, the financial and commercial hub of East Africa, and home to many expatriates like myself who demand more than a modicum of Western comforts – is a far cry from the African norm. As such, for my first few weeks here, I fared quite well against the three pivotal questions posed above.


To please the palate, I enjoyed Indian food better than most, if not all, Indian restaurants in Chicago, decent-enough sushi (that did not make me sick), pizza hut-style pizza (pan, but not exactly Chicago deep dish), and, of course, Kenyan cuisine that was certainly not bursting with flavor but sufficient, especially with some always-available chili sauce.


To please the palate and keep me awake, I discovered Nairobi Java House – after an initial attempt to acclimate to the ubiquitous instant “coffee” – on my first trip to the Sarit Center, a big shopping mall that also includes a supermarket, multi-cultural food court, multi-cultural movie theatre (English & Hindi), and an overpriced Western-style health club.


To pass the time, I walked around the city, hung out at the aforementioned Java House and mall, played ultimate frisbee and went out with other expats, and got a daily dose of news from Al Jazeera. (In addition to the less unique activities of watching 1.5 seasons of Dexter on my laptop and blogging.)


What would Eldoret hold for me? Certainly a lot fewer options, although I’d already heard, reassuringly, from a prior volunteer that there was both an Indian and Chinese restaurant in the town. That was good news. Conversely, he’d also given me a thoroughly unenthusiastic review of the hotel where I would be staying: “livable, but not nice.” (Do "-ble" adjectives ever describe a pleasant condition? Livable, edible, etc.)


His review rang true from the moment I stepped out of the lobby of the Hotel Sirikwa and into my dark, dilapidated room. The carpet was stained, the my room at the Hotel Sirikwa, Eldoret's finestsheets years – if not decades – old and definitely not Downy-soft or Tide-fresh, the furnishings spartan and retro (think dirty, un-renovated motel 6, not Urban Outfitters), and the mosquito net contained a smattering of purpose-defeating holes. It was going to be a long three weeks, I thought. But, despite my initial aversion, I soon got used to the sub-optimal conditions (aided in no small part by a move to one of the three renovated rooms in the hotel). Furthermore, the staff's eagerness and friendliness made up for an obvious lack of training in hospitality.


The food situation turned out to be a mixed bag. The hotel's buffet breakfast was quite good (most every hotel here is a bed and breakfast). I looked forward to, and now miss, my daily ration of whole-grain rice krispies, a two or three egg Spanish omelet, toast, and a selection of fruit (usually pineapple, watermelon, and a banana). In retrospect, it wasn't spectacular, but it was good and a lot better than the breakfast I typically ate in Nairobi, or Chicago for that matter. In Eldoret, breakfast truly was the most important meal.


It was the most important meal because lunch was the worst meal. For the first week I had a driver and thus could venture into town (office was located a 5 minute drive from the "city center") for lunch, but the options were few. I was saved by a popular Lonely Planet-recommended lunch joint that served a decent veggie burger and some one the best samosas I've ever had (run by an Indian, naturally). After that week, however, I was confined to the off-menu vegetarian option cooked up by the office's maid/cook. It was edible but bland, and I quickly grew tired of it.


Dinner, fortunately, was better. The Indian restaurant was quite good, definitely surpassing my expectations. In fact, I am very much looking forward to having some kadhai paneer or chicken tikka masala when I go back. The Chinese restaurant was not as good, but not bad. Problem was, along with the sub-par hotel restaurant (breakfast was their pièce de résistance), those were my only options. I would rotate between dining alone at these three spots, telling the taxi driver "Chinese tonight" or "Guess its Indian today." After close to 20 days of this, it was getting old.


To keep me awake, I was indeed forced to acclimate to instant coffee – carefully balancing, yet never mastering, the need to temper the taste with milk and sugar and my preference for strong coffee. I got used to it, but a fresh cup of Peet’s it was not. In the afternoon it was Kenyan tea, which i prefer black, not “white” as most Kenyans drink it – basically, they use milk instead of water.


Kerio Valley from one of the "view points"


The real test, though, came on the last question: what to do. I found part of the answer, randomly, a few days after arriving. Driving out of town on the weekend to take in the view of the Kerio Valley (above), my coworker pointed out that this is where "you see all ‘them’ running..in the morning and evening.” I had no idea what she was referring to; I asked for clarification. “White guys, they come here to train. There is a college here – for running. The elevation helps.” Sure enough, we soon passed a running academy, and on the way back we passed a few mzungus in their New Balances, short shorts, and Dri-fit t-shirts. (An internet search confirms that, due to the altitude of ~7000-9000 feet and the tradition of running in the area, Eldoret is one of the best training grounds for mid-to-long distance runners.)


my track ( the "garden" at Sirikwa)


After three weeks in Nairobi without being able to work out (due to the extremely high cost of gyms and inability to run outside due to congestion/safety), this sight inspired me: I decided to start a daily exercise regimen, consisting of outdoor running and the home made workout (push ups/sit ups). It felt great to be working out again and, moreover, this was an excellent way to fill my post-work time.


Thus, the weekdays managed to go by quickly enough. The weekends, however, were a different story. I’d hoped to get out of the city and see some parks etc, but the main attractions were all about 3 hours away, making a day trip unfeasible. A weekend trip was possible but cumbersome to plan and a bit expensive without someone to share the costs with. Therefore, besides the trip to Kerio Valley, I stayed within the confines of Eldoret, and mostly within a one or two mile radius of the hotel.


the terrace at sirikwa I passed the days mostly by lounging on the terrace reading (if breakfast was the restaurant's pièce de résistance, the terrace was the hotel's). But weekend nights are when the boredom really hits. If not filled by alcohol and socializing, they burn slowly. It was Kenyan friendliness that saved me from the slow burn, and, more specifically, from finishing my pirated copy of 24 season 6 even quicker than I did.


Besides being an agricultural center, Eldoret is also home to one of the countries main centers of higher education: Moi University, named after the country's legendary, long-tenured second president (1978-2002), who hailed from the Eldoret area and showered the region with infrastructure spending. Like Americans – and coeds everywhere – Kenyan students like to drink. (A med student told me: “What do you call it – binge drinking? Yes, we binge drink.” So do Americans, I assured her.) As such, there is a (read: one) nightclub in Eldoret, Spree.


I was invited by a coworker, who went to school at Moi U a few years back and still had some friends in grad school, to Spree my first Saturday night in Eldoret. After being frisked, I entered the bar, a space surprisingly reminiscent of the Ann Arbor haunt Rick’s – basement, dingy, small dance floor, slightly elevated DJ booth. (Perhaps this could describe any generic college bar but trust me it felt like Rick’s, except I knew one person there rather than fifty).


The night started out like my previous outing with a group of Kenyans: at a table covered with half-empty and full beer bottles, stacked two or three deep in front of each person. I did not know my coworker that well, and I knew none of the four or five others at the table, but soon struck up a conversation with a couple of the med students. A few rounds later (read: at least 8 beers) I was waiting for the eclectic mix of music – random American pop, house/dance, some hip hop, bongo (Tanzanian reggae), and various tribal African music – to turn back to hip hop so that I could make my way to the dance floor. It was a fun night, but I was ready to call it a night by the relatively early hour of 1:30.


That was my lone trip to Spree, but the following weekend I was invited to dinner at another coworkers, an extroverted recent college-grad who made my time there far less monotonous. This was a really interesting experience – my first visit to a Kenyan home. I did not know what to expect. Keeping it authentic, we took a took-took (auto-rickshaw in Indian/English parlance) to her one-room apartment. This single room accounted for her bedroom, living room, and “kitchen” – a hot plate, and stack of a few plates and pots. The bathroom, which I never saw, was somewhere outside the main apartment, and shared with at least one neighbor. Despite the modest abode, she hosted myself and three others for a pleasant meal of rice, beans, plantains, vegetables, and fruit salad. A simple, enjoyable night.


That about sums up my time in Eldoret. All in all, it wasn’t too bad. I had some new, interesting Kenyan experiences: partying in a college town, a home-cooked meal. It was also relaxing to be outside the congestion and pollution of Nairobi, and not having to travel more than 10 minutes to nairobi by nightget anywhere. But, after two and a half weeks the routine – the breakfast, the two restaurant rotation, the terrace –, while comfortable, was getting a bit dull.


Even if I do not always take advantage of all Nairobi has to offer (ditto on Chicago) at least I have options. Furthermore, the innate vibrancy of a city is something I revel in.


It's good to be back.

Wednesday, March 11, 2009

Poverty, white water rafting, Danes, a country club, Muammar al-Gaddafi, and a plane crash (a.k.a. a weekend in Uganda)

mural painted on the gates of a Kampala curio (soveneir) shop


1. Poverty

Back in my first post, I wrote the following (emphasis added):


Now on to my second point of reference: India. As most anyone who has been to India will tell you, you cannot escape the poverty; there are simply too many people. You could step out from the one of the nicest hotels or apartment buildings in Mumbai and instantly be confronted by several beggars, often malnourished and ill-clothed children. Even in the smaller towns, you will likely pass slums and shanty towns a child relieving himself by the side of the road.


In Nairobi, you can escape. As I’ve told everyone who unfailingly asks what I think of Nairobi, it is cleaner (though not clean) and much less crowded than I expected based on my experience in India.


Children provide a particularly pungent, and horribly sad, view of poverty. Bloated stomachs, the lack of necessity to be clothed, and immodesty mean children are often the clearest sign of impoverishment. It is for this reason that I made the bolded comments above, and also why I feel as if you can escape in Nairobi.


In fact, even in my visits to rural Kenya, driving through villages where children and adults alike gazed in awe at the car driving down pathways typically traversed by donkey and bicycle, I rarely saw kids in the aforementioned conditions.


In Uganda, it was a different story. Within a few minutes of the journey from the camp to the Nile (aboard a truck full of 40 Americans and Europeans paying $125 to ride an inflatable raft down a river), I saw probably a dozen kids either malnourished, unclothed, or both. Many of the ones who were clothed wore very simple clothing marred by dirt and tears. It was quite a contrast to what I've seen in Kenya; the images reminded me more of India. (True, perhaps I haven’t been to the poorest areas of Kenya yet, but I also doubt I was in the poorest area of Uganda.)


Despite this, however, the kids appeared as carefree as any others – pausing from their playtime to wave frantically at the truck of mzungus passing by.


2. Rafting and 3. Danes


The Nile, viewed from the campsite

Jinja, Uganda's second largest city (but less than 1/10th the population of the first, Kampala), is labeled as the "adrenaline capital of East Africa" by Lonely Planet. The center piece of this is white water rafting at the source of the Nile, the only major river in the world to run South to North.


I've been wanting to go white water rafting for a long time, and I'd heard the Nile was one of the best spots in the world. So I was pretty pumped, and it did not disappoint: grade 5 rapids, ridiculously warm water, great weather, good guide, fun group. At the same time, it was also pretty intense and even a bit scary at times.


Our raft flipped and/or we were thrown off on almost every rapid. "Silverback" was the craziest of the bunch. The raft capsized, everyone was thrown off, and a couple did not make it back to the boat. I was thrown under the raft, then quickly pulled away by the incredible force of current, and periodically dragged underwater; the longest stretch under was a good 6 or 7 seconds, but felt like much, much longer. At one point, I came up and saw our raft, still upside-down but only a couple yards away. An oar magically appeared outstretched (at least it seemed magical; in actuality it was extended by one of the Danes). Relieved, I grabbed a hold. Unfortunately, my relief was short lived.; a split second later, I felt the Dane slip away and watched the raft again shrink into the distance.


Seconds later, after surprisingly finding myself in one of the (relative) lulls in the rapid, I began frantically waving the Dane's paddle toward the safety kayaks, all the while fervently treading water. After a couple seconds of this, I realized the kayak was not, or could not, moving toward me with much haste. Somehow, I managed to gather my bearings, find the raft, and swim over to it.


A minute later, all but one of our group had made it back to the boat. But not unscathed. The plump Danish English-teaching-volunteer looked flabbergasted (it was clear from the moment we boarded the raft that this guy was going to struggle). The British guitar player had one of his toe nails ripped off. And the second Danish med student was MIA. We would find him hanging on to a safety kayak an unbelievable 5 minutes or more later - he had been pulled through the entire rapid and then some, ending up way down stream.


If you're keeping count, that's 3 Danes, not all travelling together. Our group was 7 total. For a country of only 5.5M people, that's pretty strong representation on a rafting trip in East Africa.


4. A country club

From Jinja, I took the shuttle to Kampala to meet up with the some volunteers from the local TechnoServe office.


Kampala is known for its nightlife, so I was excited to hit the town. (When I asked a Kenyan who attended university in the city about this, she said: "Kenyans are serious. They like to save. Ugandans enjoy life.") Unfortunately, half the group was experiencing a bout of food poisoning (the Icelandic girl turned out to have dysentery), and the other half were tired from a big night out the day before. We went out, but not hard, and the bars we picked did not seem to be Saturday spots.


Pool and lawn at the Kabira ClubSo I didn't get to experience the nightlife of lore, but I did get to visit one of the city's nicest country clubs. After an amazing workout (first time I've lifted weights in over a month), we spent several hours lounging by the pristine pool. It was supremely relaxing and I almost spent the entire day there, but managed to convince myself I should at least see some of the city.


5. Muammar al-Gaddafi

Turns out there is not much to see in Kampala. It is a city known primarily for its safety and its nightlife. Indeed, the former rang true - I was quite surprised how we were able to walkabout so freely around the city. This would not be advisable in Nairobi.


One of the main sights is the recently built, grandiose Gaddafi Mosque, which sits triumphantly on top of one of the city's many hills. As the name suggests, it was paid for by Libya's infamous leader. The mosque itself was nice, but nothing extraordinary. The view of the city, on the other hand, was definitely worth the trip.

Kampala, view from the Gaddafi mosque


6. A plane crash

My flight back to Nairobi was scheduled for 845 AM Monday morning from Entebbe*, but was delayed and ended up leaving around 10AM. I arrived fairly early, around 730 AM. The airport was pretty empty, but I did not notice anything out of the ordinary. Besides the delay, everything went smoothly. After taking off in the first propeller plane I've flown in in a decade, I gazed over the waters of Lake Victoria. It was a pretty view and , again, I did not notice anything unusual.


It wasn't until Monday night that any of this became noteworthy. While catching up on news (using my new, incredibly fast wireless internet connection), I came across the following headline: "Uganda crash kills peacekeepers."


Intrigued given my recent trip, I clicked the article and was shocked to learn that this "crash" was a plane crash, and that it happened just a few hours - around 5 am - before I took off, from the same airport. Where was the media at the airport? Where was the search crew on the Lake?


A small plane crashes in Kansas, with no casualties, and it captivates CNN for hours (I've seen this several times). Yet here a plane, headed to the most ravaged and unstable country in the world (Somalia), where just weeks before a suicide bomber killed 11 peacekeepers, crashes and kills 10 African Union peacekeepers, and this doesn't even warrant a news crew?


I'm not really sure what that says, about CNN, the media, Africa, or Africans, but it's certainly interesting.


----------------

*Entebbe the airport serving Kampala. Kampala is too hilly for an airport, so they built one in a smaller city ~30 miles away. An otherwise obscure airport, it became infamous as the site where a Palestinian-hijacked Air France plane from Tel Aviv landed and was subsequently raided by the Israeli Defense Forces.

Monday, March 9, 2009

I just watched a youtube clip

That probably does not seem particularly exciting to many of you, but I assure you it is quite extraordinary. Here in East Africa the site is something of a luxury. Streaming videos is probably the most bandwidth intensive activity most people do online; when you combine this with the poor, sometimes nonexistent, state of broadband here, it is a rare occurrence. In fact, in Eldoret I could not even open the youtube site - I would get an error message similar to "page not found" while simulatenously able to open other sites.

In my new apartment in Nairobi, I have wireless (!) and it is amazingly fast. So much so that, after waiting a minute or two for the video to buffer - its not THAT fast - I was able to watch a great clip of Jon Stewart ripping apart CNBC. (Even better is Rick Santelli's actual, unbelievable rant .)

Anyway, I am back in Kenya from a great weekend in Uganda. Post to come tomorrow.

Tuesday, March 3, 2009

Curious politics

Note: I intended this to be a short post, but ended up with more to write about than I thought. Hopefully its not too political for a travel blog…

Man shots during protest in the Kibera slum of Nairobi It didn't take long for politics to come up in the workplace. In fact, as I wrote previously, an Obama-Biden poster was one of the first things to greet me on my first day in the office. But despite the Obama-mania here, Kenyan politics are much more frequently discussed than American (as one would expect), and it is the former to which I am referring.


In Corporate America, politics is often considered a risky subject - not quite taboo, but often avoided unless among friends or if there is a significant event occurring (e.g. the election). There are good reasons this is the case. For one, the political demographics of the country suggest that, in most companies, it's likely the person you enter the discussion with will not agree with you. And since for many politics is a galvanizing subject, people shy away from such conversations, fearing potential conflict with those they must cooperate with. (A smart decision typically, though political discourse can also bond if the colleague is likeminded.)


In Kenya the calculation is different, for a simple reason: everyone agrees. No, everyone does not belongs to the same party, or have the same views on abortion. But everyone agrees that politicians are corrupt and the government does not serve the people.* Think about that for a minute.


Kenya is a democratic republic, and one of Africa's most stable and successful at that. This is not a dictatorship, or an obviously illegitimate in-name-only "democracy" controlled by despot (i.e. Mugabe's Zimbabwe). For most of its history, basic democratic principles applied: people vote for their leaders, politicians respect the vote, and the government peacefully transitions. Of course, when that history is only 45 years in the making, it is not quite as simple as that. But until the 2007 election, Kenya followed these principles closely enough to remain stable amid the sea of tyranny, civil war, and corruption that engulfed much of the continent and some of its closest neighbors (Somalia).


The 2007 election led to the worst violence in the country's post-independence era. An estimated 1,500 people were killed and up to 1M displaced, following a presidential election most outside observers believe Photo of Mwai Kibaki hangs above desk at Hotel Sirikwa, Eldoret was marred by fraud on both sides. As news came that incumbent Mwai Kibaki had been declared the victor by a very slim margin, long standing tribal rivalries flared – many believed this signaled the continuation of an inequitable distribution of resources. Violence erupted. In Eldoret, the town I currently reside in (I moved from Nairobi a week ago), the conflict was particularly bad.


In Nairobi, no visible signs of the turmoil remained. Even in Eldoret, I strained to see any marks of the Post Election Violence until they were specifically pointed out to me. As we drove out of the town a few days after I arrived, en route to a field visit, we soon passed by the following landscape:

IDP camp outside Eldoret


“IDPs,” my driver, Tom, pointed out. (I was reading a book and failed to notice.) Over a year later, many of the 1M Internally Displaced People remain in such camps, unable to return home because their homes were destroyed, because they are still fearful, or because they no longer have a wife, brother or son to return to. On our way back, Tom pointed out the shells of several burned homes.


during the turmoilThe scars are not obvious, but they are there. Even more potent than the visuals are the words. An hour after passing the IDP camp, I am interviewing a vet about his business’ cost structure. He mentions he pays 6,000 Ksh a month for motorcycle taxis to visit clients. “Have you considered buying a vehicle?” I ask. Yes, he has. In fact, he used to own a one but it got “taken” during the post-election violence. And business is down ~30% since – he was run out of his shop (I didn’t ask if it was burned) and now works from his house – so it will take some time to repurchase.


Last Saturday marked the one year anniversary of the peace accord signed between the two presidential candidates. Under the deal, Mr. Kibaki was appointed president, and his rival, Mr. Odinga, the prime minister. Together, the two are known as “the principals.” That evening, as I sat in a coworkers one-room apartment (including the kitchen) and watched the news recapping the year since – 70% of the country believes the government has “achieved nothing” since the power-sharing deal, according to a poll – the Kenyans in the room recalled the dark period:


In Nakuru, “we didn’t know what would happen…if we would make it to the next day.” In Nairobi, “you just stayed in the office and the doors were locked…you couldn’t walk on the street.” “In Eldoret, there were so many roadblocks…if they stopped you and you looked like you were from another tribe…” Also mentioned was the story of an emigrant who came back from the States for a week, to vote and visit family, and was killed.


(I’ve tried to keep the post election discussion brief; for more, check out this good, concise article from Sunday’s NY Times about the lasting effects of the violence.)


Getting back to the original topic, I first discussed the post election violence over dinner with colleagues during my second week here. As I prodded about the causes of the events, a clear consensus quickly emerged: “it was all created by the politicians.” Yes, tribal rivalries exist, they conceded, but the violence was incited by politicians. I don’t remember ever getting a great answer on why exactly the “leaders” wanted to brew conflict, but presumably each believed it would cement his power.


The conversation naturally broadened to politics and government in general. Again, a consensus was swiftly reached: “they [members of parliament] all are crooks” and “not good people.” Publicly elected ministers, everyone agreed, do not work for the people. In fact they do not work much at all – four days a week – despite being some of the highest paid politicians in the world, untaxed at that. That’s right, MPs do not pay taxes. I could hardly believe this; it just seemed like (is) such an egregious flaunting of power that I had to ask for clarification several times.


After that conversation, I made a point to ask people – other coworkers, taxi drivers, Mohammed the guide, waiters – about their views on the government. From all these varied walks of life, responses more or less fell in line with the consensus from that dinner: Kenyans do not believe in their government.


(Now I must digress for a few minutes; without the following two paragraphs this would not be a fair discussion.)


For the past 8 years I did not agree with pretty much every major decision made by the US government. Indeed, myself and a majority of the country were relegated to watching the Bush administration slowly – and then more quickly – drive the country down a horrendous path: turning a multi-hundred billion dollar surplus into a trillion dollar deficit, launching us unprepared into one war and letting another teeter on the brink of defeat, vacationing while a city drowned, increasing levels of unemployment, poverty, and the uninsured, and eroding our power, prestige, and goodwill around the world. (That’s the abridged list. For more: Check out The Atlantic’s Bush map or MSNBC’s “then and now”.)


For the most part, we were relegated to stand by and watch. We became disillusioned and lost faith in the administration, but not in government itself. I might have wondered if the administration was working for me but I knew that close to half the country had elected its leader, and that government would still for me – I could wait 4 years and vote, and then another 4, and know that my voice was heard, and that it would be heeded when the majority of the electorate agreed (well, when the electoral college caught up with the electorate).


For Kenyans, the situation is different. It is not just the president or the administration to whom the contempt and distrust is aimed. It is the cabinet, all the MPs, and the government itself. (Another comment from the aforementioned dinner was “I wish something could just happen…to take out the entire parliament. Not the rest of the city, just parliament.”)


But this is a democracy, isn’t it? Perplexed, I asked my colleagues repeatedly, “but you voted for these people right?” The common response was that yes, but they were “good back then.” That, “they all turn bad once they get there,” was the best answer I could get. Of course, election rigging also throws a curveball into the situation.


However, despite this lack of faith in government, people continue to critique, discuss, and push for accountability – privately and publicly. I’m actually quite amazed by the level of public criticism of the government which occurs here. A few days ago, I read an article recapping a recent gathering of the country’s top religious leaders – Christians, Hindus, Muslims, others – attended by “the principals.” While the president sat on the stage a few feet from the podium, one by one the clerics took to the the mic and assailed the leaders of government for corruption, not moving forward with promises, and failing to act for the people. Can you imagine a similar event taking place in the US?


So it’s a curious politics here, a culture of contradictions. Leaders are democratically elected (for the most part, from what I can gather) yet quickly and consistently lose the faith of the public. Enter most any place of business, from the village general shop to a hotel, and you will find a portrait of the president hanging, while the shopkeeper complains about the government’s unseemly influence on the maize shortage. Corruption is rampant, known about and resented, but continues unabated. A group of religious leaders gather and publicly criticize the government – to it’s leader faces – yet Nairobi bookshops are too intimidated to carry a book by a virtually-exiled whistleblower. And despite the repeated failure of politicians, Kenyans continue to be active, write, opine, critique, listen, watch, vote, and hope for a new day.


Sound familiar?



*Obviously, this is based on a very limited sample - I've been here a month and have worked with only one development organization and its partners - but my impression is that this is a paradigm.

Disclaimer: some of these pictures (the ones that look professional and have watermarks) were borrowed from other sources.